近日,知名期刊《Advanced Functional Materials》在线发表了来自东北师范大学汤庆鑫教授团队的题为“Sub-Femtojoule-Energy-Consumption Conformable Synaptic Transistors Based on Organic Single-Crystalline Na ...
文章链接:https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202007894 图1.亚飞焦耳耗能整合突触晶体管 背景 人脑中的突触是产生人类感知、学习和记忆的最重要的功能单元。他们只能耗极低(10 fJ突触活动)来实现复杂的并行操作,人脑这样一个巨大的神经网络(≈10^15突触)在运行时只消耗极少的能量,甚至低于家用灯泡(≈20 W)。受生物突触的启发,人工突触(包括两端突触和三段突触晶体管)来模拟基本的突触可塑性,如出现短期可塑性(STP)、长期可塑性(LTP)和配对脉冲促进(PPF)等。然而,目前的人工突触通常比生物突触消耗多数量级高的能量,这将不可避免地导致模拟类脑神经形态网络的巨大能量消耗。解决这一问题需要合理选择材料和合理设计器件结构,以降低单个器件的能耗,这对于开发类人复杂神经网络至关重要,但这仍然是一个重大挑战。 摘要 受人脑强大功能的启发,人们在不断尝试创新人工突触,以构建类脑的神经形态电子期间。其中,实现与生物突触相当的超低能量消耗的探索已经变得非常引人注目。但由于缺乏合适的材料和设备构造,这一研究进展缓慢。本研究首次在突触晶体管中设计了有机单晶纳米带有源层和弹性嵌入光刻的电极,以降低单器件的能耗。一个突触事件的最小能量消耗(0.29 fJ)远低于生物突触的最小能量消耗(10 fJ)。值得注意的是,亚飞焦耳耗能突触晶体管即使在不同的拉伸和压缩应变下也能模拟各种生物塑性行为,这为未来超耗能神经形态电子器件的构建和柔性人工智能电子器件的发展提供了新的指导。 Inspired from powerful functionalities of human brain, artificial synapses are innovated continuously for the construction of brain-like neuromorphic electronics. The quest to rival the ultralow energy consumption of biological synapses has become highly compelling, but remains extremely difficult due to the lack of appropriate materials and device construction. In this study, organic single-crystalline nanoribbon active layer and elastic embedded photolithographic electrodes are first designed in synaptic transistors to reduce energy consumption of single device. The minimum energy consumption (0.29 fJ) of one synaptic event is far lower than that of biological synapse (10 fJ). Notably, sub-femtojoule-energy-consumption synaptic transistors can simulate various biological plastic behaviors even under different tensile and compressive strains, offering a new guidance for the construction of ultra low energy-consuming neuromorphic electronic devices and the development of flexible artificial intelligence electronics in the future. |